Anal Cancer Symptoms, Screening and Diagnosis
Screening
Anal cancer screening is not widely available or standardized across Europe. Unlike other cancers, such as cervical or colorectal cancer, there is no EU-wide screening program specifically for anal cancer. Screening is typically and only recommended for high-risk groups and varies by country and healthcare provider (Cohen & Clarke, 2023.).
High-risk individuals who might have access to anal cancer screening include:
- People living with HIV: Due to their increased risk, some clinics and healthcare systems may offer regular screening, such as anal cytology (similar to a Pap test) or high-resolution anoscopy.
- Individuals with a history of HPV-related disease: Since certain high-risk strains of HPV (such as HPV-16) are strongly associated with anal cancer, people with HPV-related conditions may be recommended for screening.
- Men who have sex with men (MSM): MSM are also at higher risk for anal cancer, and some countries or clinics may provide targeted screening for this group.
Literature
1. Cohen, C. M., & Clarke, M. A. (2023). Anal Cancer and Anal Cancer Screening. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology, 66(3), 516–533. https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000789